This report provides the results of a study undertaken by the International Center for Research on Women (ICRW) in partnership with the UNFPA India and Asia and Pacific Regional Office. The study looks at men’s attitudes and practices around gender inequality, son preference and intimate partner violence. The objective is to understand predictors of masculinities and how varying forms of masculinity affect men’s desire for sons and their perpetration of violence against their intimate partners. It also delineates the elements that contribute to the various shades of masculinity itself and how these variations affect the making of boys and men. While men are commonly seen as perpetrators of violence, the study attempts to grasp how violence is at times considered integral to the gendered definition of masculinity, and in doing so, it tries to explore alternative expressions of masculinity.